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Mother Tongue 2011
- More than 200 mother tongues or languages spoken most often at home (IMMIGRANT LANGUAGES IN CANADA)
- Immigrant languages consists of 20.6% of the Canadian population (Ibid.)
- More than 40% of immigrant languages are of European origin (Ibid.)
- 56 % of immigrant languages are of various Asian languages (Ibid.)
- More than 22 immigrant mother tongues with more than 100,000 persons in Canada (Ibid.)
o 9 are of European origin (Ibid.)
o 13 are of Asian origin (Ibid.)
-The retention rate of those whose mother tongue is Punjabi, Tamil and Mandarin exceeds 80% (Ibid.)
- 9 of 10 Canadians who retain their language reside in Census Metropolitan Areas (CMA). The majority living in Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa. (LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CANADIANS)
- The increase in French and English being spoken at home increases the likelihood that child will speak the Official languages rather than their parent`s mother tongue. (Ibid.)
- In 2011 there are 60 Aboriginal languages group in into 12 distinct language families (ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES IN CANADA)
o Largest language family was Algonquian with 144, 015, Inuit with 35,500 and Athapaskan with 20,700. (Ibid.)
o Highest proportion of those with Aboriginal languages as mother tongues were living in Quebec (21%), Manitoba (18%) and Saskatchewan (16%) ((Ibid.
o The highest retention rates include Naskapi (90.2%) and Tlicho (54.8). (Ibid.)
o Those living within areas where there was a community who shared the shame mother tongue were more likely to have a higher retention rate. (Ibid.)
- More than 200 mother tongues or languages spoken most often at home (IMMIGRANT LANGUAGES IN CANADA)
- Immigrant languages consists of 20.6% of the Canadian population (Ibid.)
- More than 40% of immigrant languages are of European origin (Ibid.)
- 56 % of immigrant languages are of various Asian languages (Ibid.)
- More than 22 immigrant mother tongues with more than 100,000 persons in Canada (Ibid.)
o 9 are of European origin (Ibid.)
o 13 are of Asian origin (Ibid.)
-The retention rate of those whose mother tongue is Punjabi, Tamil and Mandarin exceeds 80% (Ibid.)
- 9 of 10 Canadians who retain their language reside in Census Metropolitan Areas (CMA). The majority living in Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa. (LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CANADIANS)
- The increase in French and English being spoken at home increases the likelihood that child will speak the Official languages rather than their parent`s mother tongue. (Ibid.)
- In 2011 there are 60 Aboriginal languages group in into 12 distinct language families (ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES IN CANADA)
o Largest language family was Algonquian with 144, 015, Inuit with 35,500 and Athapaskan with 20,700. (Ibid.)
o Highest proportion of those with Aboriginal languages as mother tongues were living in Quebec (21%), Manitoba (18%) and Saskatchewan (16%) ((Ibid.
o The highest retention rates include Naskapi (90.2%) and Tlicho (54.8). (Ibid.)
o Those living within areas where there was a community who shared the shame mother tongue were more likely to have a higher retention rate. (Ibid.)
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Bilingual programs in schools, survey 2013
- Results show that the majority of the 24 random survey sample agree that school in Ontario should offer bilingual programs.
- Between 2006 and 2011, bilingualism increased by approximately 350,000 people meaning 17.5% of Canada`s population is bilingual. (LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CANADIANS)
-This growth has occurred from an increased in those residing in Quebec identifying more that they are able to speak English. (Ibid.)
- Results show that the majority of the 24 random survey sample agree that school in Ontario should offer bilingual programs.
- Between 2006 and 2011, bilingualism increased by approximately 350,000 people meaning 17.5% of Canada`s population is bilingual. (LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CANADIANS)
-This growth has occurred from an increased in those residing in Quebec identifying more that they are able to speak English. (Ibid.)
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Knowledge of Official Languages
- The map, created using data from 2006 census, shows results for the populations who feel knowledge in one or both of the official languages of Canada. All except Quebec, are more knowledgeable in English only and have a small proportion of those who identify as bilingual.
- 2011 approximately 10 million people reported having conversation French, in comparison to 9.6 million people in 2006 (FRENCH AND THE FRANCOPHONIE IN CANADA)
- There has be little variation in French language statistics in Quebec between 2006 and 2011 (Ibid.)
- An increase of 54,000 from 2006 to 2011 of people who identify French as their mother tongue living outside of Quebec. (Ibid.)
o 77 % of those live in New Brunswick or Ontario (Ibid.)
o Changes in French as mother tongue growth rates were the most substantial in Alberta (+18(Ibid.)
- Canadian conversation French in 2011 (30.1%) still lower than it was 20 years ago in 1981 (31.8%) (Ibid.)
- However, youth who had been exposed to French in an extended or immersion school environment are much more likely to be bilingual: 57% of youth report being able to carry on a conversation in French; 70% rate their French ability as fair to excellent (YOUTH BILINGUALISM IN CANADA).
- In Quebec, while a notable proportion of Francophone youth are bilingual, perhaps due to their exposure/proximity to English-speaking populations (esp. in Montreal and Western Quebec), those who had intensive English schooling were also more likely to report being bilingual than those who had not received intensive English schooling. Among youth who had intensive English language education, 86% report being bilingual at age 21, compared to 57% of those with no intensive English education (Ibid.).
- The map, created using data from 2006 census, shows results for the populations who feel knowledge in one or both of the official languages of Canada. All except Quebec, are more knowledgeable in English only and have a small proportion of those who identify as bilingual.
- 2011 approximately 10 million people reported having conversation French, in comparison to 9.6 million people in 2006 (FRENCH AND THE FRANCOPHONIE IN CANADA)
- There has be little variation in French language statistics in Quebec between 2006 and 2011 (Ibid.)
- An increase of 54,000 from 2006 to 2011 of people who identify French as their mother tongue living outside of Quebec. (Ibid.)
o 77 % of those live in New Brunswick or Ontario (Ibid.)
o Changes in French as mother tongue growth rates were the most substantial in Alberta (+18(Ibid.)
- Canadian conversation French in 2011 (30.1%) still lower than it was 20 years ago in 1981 (31.8%) (Ibid.)
- However, youth who had been exposed to French in an extended or immersion school environment are much more likely to be bilingual: 57% of youth report being able to carry on a conversation in French; 70% rate their French ability as fair to excellent (YOUTH BILINGUALISM IN CANADA).
- In Quebec, while a notable proportion of Francophone youth are bilingual, perhaps due to their exposure/proximity to English-speaking populations (esp. in Montreal and Western Quebec), those who had intensive English schooling were also more likely to report being bilingual than those who had not received intensive English schooling. Among youth who had intensive English language education, 86% report being bilingual at age 21, compared to 57% of those with no intensive English education (Ibid.).
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Standardization of Language Education
Results show that the 24 random survey sample are split on the issue of standardization.
- 33% agree with a national standard for language classes
- 29 % agree with a provincial standard for language classes
- It is a minority of this sample that agrees that language classes should be standardized on a school-by-school basis.
Results show that the 24 random survey sample are split on the issue of standardization.
- 33% agree with a national standard for language classes
- 29 % agree with a provincial standard for language classes
- It is a minority of this sample that agrees that language classes should be standardized on a school-by-school basis.
REFERENCES
ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES OF CANADA:2011 CENSUS (CATALOGUE NO.98-314-X201103). OTTAWA:STATISTICS CANADA, 2013. WEB http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_3-eng.pdf
FRENCH AND THE FRANCOPHONIE IN CANADA:2011 CENSUS (CATALOGUE NO.98-314-X201103). OTTAWA:STATISTICS CANADA, 2013. WEB http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_1-eng.pdf
IMMIGRANT LANGUAGES IN CANADA: 2011 CENSUS (CATALOGUE NO. 98-314-X2011003). OTTAWA:STATISTICS CANADA, 2013. WEB. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.pdf
LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CANADIANS: 2011 CENSUS (CATALOGUE NO. 98-314-X2011003). OTTAWA:STATISTICS CANADA, 2013. WEB. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011001-eng.pdf
YOUTH BILINGUALISM IN CANADA. STATISTICS CANADA. (2006.) STATISTICS CANADA CATALOGUE NO. 81-004-X (5) 4. RETRIEVED FROM HTTP://WWW.STATCAN.GC.CA/PUB/81-004-X/2008004/ARTICLE/10767-ENG.HTM.
ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES OF CANADA:2011 CENSUS (CATALOGUE NO.98-314-X201103). OTTAWA:STATISTICS CANADA, 2013. WEB http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_3-eng.pdf
FRENCH AND THE FRANCOPHONIE IN CANADA:2011 CENSUS (CATALOGUE NO.98-314-X201103). OTTAWA:STATISTICS CANADA, 2013. WEB http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_1-eng.pdf
IMMIGRANT LANGUAGES IN CANADA: 2011 CENSUS (CATALOGUE NO. 98-314-X2011003). OTTAWA:STATISTICS CANADA, 2013. WEB. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.pdf
LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CANADIANS: 2011 CENSUS (CATALOGUE NO. 98-314-X2011003). OTTAWA:STATISTICS CANADA, 2013. WEB. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011001-eng.pdf
YOUTH BILINGUALISM IN CANADA. STATISTICS CANADA. (2006.) STATISTICS CANADA CATALOGUE NO. 81-004-X (5) 4. RETRIEVED FROM HTTP://WWW.STATCAN.GC.CA/PUB/81-004-X/2008004/ARTICLE/10767-ENG.HTM.